History

2013-14 General Catalog

201 Humanities
(831) 459-2982
http://history.ucsc.edu/

Program Description | Faculty

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Lower-Division Courses

1. Theories of History/Theories of Society. *
European social thought understands society to be the product of the historical process. Readings from early-modern natural law thinkers (Hobbes, Lock, Rousseau), 19th-century theorists of the democratic and industrial revolutions (Tocqueville, Marx), and 20th-century social scientists (Weber, Braudel), explore the nature of this fertile connection. (General Education Code(s): TA, IH.) The Staff

2A. The World to 1500. *
Surveys the rise of complex societies: the formation of classical civilizations in Afroeurasia and the Americas, post-classical empires and cross-cultural exchange, technology and environmental change, the Mongol Empire, and oceanic voyages and the origins of the modern world. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) B. Catlos

2B. The World Since 1500. F
Examines major world issues over the past 500 years. Topics include European expansion and colonialism, the Muslim empires, East Asia from Ming to Qing, the Americas, Africa, the scientific-technological revolution, decolonization, and modern environmental problems. Designed primarily for first- and second-year students, it provides a time frame for understanding events within a global framework. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) M. Matera

5A. Early Muslim World. *
Surveys the history of the Muslim world from its beginnings through the Caliphal period. Islam is approached as a religious, social, political, and cultural phenomenon. Special emphasis on understanding Islam in the context of contemporary developments in the Near East, Europe, Africa, and Central Asia. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) The Staff

5B. Early Christianity: First to Fourth Century A.D.. S
Christianity from its origins as a Jewish messianic movement, its expansion in multiple forms in the Greco-Roman world and the East, to its transformation into the major religion of the Roman and Byzantine empires. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) The Staff

7. Archives and Public History. *
Through readings on local history topics and bi-weekly field expeditions, students discover different types of archives and historical repositories, the diversity of sources that they contain, and the varied uses to which they can be put. Course also explores the range of career opportunities open to history majors (sometimes loosely grouped together under the rubric "public history"). Students are billed a materials fee. Enrollment limited to 35. The Staff

9. Introduction to Native American Studies. *
Introduction to the interdisciplinary field of Native American Studies and the Indigenous experience. Topics include: history of United States-Indian relations; colonialism; sovereignty; identity; representation of Native Americans in popular culture; and contemporary efforts toward decolonization in indigenous communities. (General Education Code(s): ER.) A. Lonetree

10A. United States History to 1877. F
Focuses on the building of British American colonies and the establishment, disintegration, and reconstruction of the nation with an emphasis on how class, race, ethnicity, and gender impacted colonial development and structured the nation's agenda and the definition of citizenship. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER, IH.) M. Westerkamp

10B. United States History, 1877 to 1977. S
Surveys the political, social, and cultural history of the United States from 1877 to 1977. Focuses on national politics with emphasis on how class, race, ethnicity, and gender changed the nation's agenda. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER, IH.) M. Lasar

11A. Latin America: Colonial Period. F
Introduces the social, cultural, economic, and political history of the New World through a close examination of the process of European "conquest" in the 16th century and its consequences for both native and settler peoples. Medieval and Renaissance European and African backgrounds; Inca, Maya, Aztec, plains, woodland, and tropical rainforest native American societies; processes of military and cultural conquest; epidemics and ecological changes; native resistance and the establishment of the fundamental institutions of colonial society. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) M. Diaz

11B. Latin America: National Period. *
An introduction to the study of Latin American history from the Independence Wars in the early 19th century to the present. Topics include changing economic models of development, U.S. role, rural and urban life, women, nationalisms, populism, revolution, the military in politics, and the problem of democracy. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) M. O'Hara

13. Introduction to American Religious Culture. *
Introduction to the many communities found within the American religious landscape, balancing extraordinary diversity characterizing American pluralism against the dominant religious culture. Proceeds historically, engaging major problems and developments including utopianism, the rise of evangelicalism, religion and reform, manifest destiny, secularization and modernity, and the intersection of politics and religion. (General Education Code(s): TA, IH.) The Staff

14. Race and Ethnicity in the U.S. *
An introductory course on the racial/ethnic history of the U.S. Of central concern are issues of race, ethnicity, oppression, resistance, mass migrations, city life in urban America, and power and protest in modern America. Priority enrollment to freshmen and sophomores. (General Education Code(s): ER, IH, E.) The Staff

20. Introduction to World Prehistory. *
Introduces the prehistory of humankind from the development of agriculture to social stratification and states. Emphasis is on the origins of civilization in ancient China, Egypt, Mesoamerica, Mesopotamia, and South America, as well as on the processes driving change. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

30. The Making of Modern Africa. S
Examines the loss and reassumption of local and state autonomy in Africa during the 19th and 20th centuries. Delineates the modalities of the colonial state and society, modes of resistance to alien occupation, and the deformation of social, class, and gender relations. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) D. Anthony

40A. Early Modern East Asia. W
Surveys the history of East Asia from 1500 to 1894. Covers political, social, economic, and cultural histories of China, Japan, and Korea with the goal of perceiving a regional history that encompassed each society. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) M. Hu

40B. The Making of Modern East Asia. F
A broad introductory survey of the political, social, economic, philosophical, and religious heritage of modern China, Japan, and Korea. Emphasis on the historical foundations of modern nationalism, the colonial experience, and revolutionary movements. (Formerly course 40.) (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) A. Christy

41. The Making of the Modern Middle East. W
History of the modern Middle East from 1800 to the present, with special reference to the 20th century and forces which have shaped the area. The impact of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution in the area, with particular attention to the history of four countries: Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Israel. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) J. Derr

42. Student-Directed Seminar. F,W,S
Seminars taught by upper-division students under faculty supervision. (See course 192.) The Staff

43. Traditional India. *
A survey of the early histories of Indus Valley, Vedism, the epics, Buddhism, Jainism, with an exploration among original sources: archaeological, visual, ritual, literary, and epic texts. Thematic focus on communities, social systems, elite and popular cultures, and their mutual interaction. (Formerly Histories of Traditional India) (General Education Code(s): CC, IH, E.) The Staff

45. Japanese Pop Culture. *
Introduction to Japanese popular culture from the Tokugawa era to the present. Pursues the role of mass media on Japanese society through analyses of popular movies, animation, comic books, music, and other artifacts in historical context. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) N. Aso

50. Introduction to the History of Ancient Egypt. F
Introduces the political and social history of ancient Egyptian civilization from the Predynasitic through the end of the Pharaonic period. (General Education Code(s): CC.) E. Sullivan

61. Classical Mythology. W
Introduces the philosophy of myth, and surveys classical Greek mythology. Students explore the mythic mode of thinking and its distinguishing characteristics as well as the repertoire of Greek myths and their cultural contexts. C. Hedrick

62A. Classical World: Greece. *
An overview of Greek history from the beginnings through the Hellenistic period, with emphasis on the Archaic and Classical periods (ca. 800 B.C. through 323 B.C.). (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) C. Hedrick

62B. Classical World: Rome. *
A lecture course offering an overview of Roman history and civilization from the legendary founding of Rome in 753 B.C. to the collapse of the Roman Empire's central administration in the West in 476 A.D. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) The Staff

63. Women in the Ancient World. *
Examines the lives of women in the ancient Greco-Roman world. Most readings are from primary texts (i.e., ancient sources), literary, historical, and documentary; material and artistic evidence also is considered. (General Education Code(s): CC.) J. Lynn

65A. Medieval Europe: 200-1000. F
A survey of Europe from the third through 10th centuries. Emphasizes cultural conflict and assimilation (Roman and Germanic, pagan and Christian, East and West). Topics include the rise of Christianity, Germanic migrations, Byzantium and Islam, the cult of saints and relics, Vikings, and gender roles. (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) C. Polecritti

70A. Modern European History, 1500-1815. F
Surveys the economic, social, cultural, and political history of Europe since the late 15th century: 1500-1815. Course 70A is not a prerequisite to course 70B. (Formerly Modern European History, 1500-1789.) (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) The Staff

70B. Modern European History, 1815-present. W
Surveys the political, social, and cultural history of Europe from the era of the Industrial Revolution to the beginning of the second millennium. Course 70A is not prerequisite to 70B. (Formerly Modern European History, 1789-1914.) (General Education Code(s): CC, IH.) B. Thompson

74. Introduction to Jewish History and Cultures. *
Surveys 3,000 years of Jewish history. Themes include origins of the Jews in the ancient world, formation and persistence of the Jewish diaspora, coherence and diversity of Jewish experience, Jewish narrative and textual traditions, interaction between Jews and other cultures, productive tensions between tradition and modernity in Jewish history and literature. (General Education Code(s): ER.) B. Thompson

75. Film and the Holocaust. S
Examines a series of distinguished documentary and feature films about the destruction of European Jewry. Each film is placed in its historical context, and wherever possible, the readings include the original documents on which films were based. Emphasis is placed on the strategies the filmmakers used to address the problem of representing genocide without succumbing to mere melodrama. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) B. Thompson

80H. Class, Gender, and Community in China, 1700-Present. *
Examines gender, sexuality, and family across classes in late imperial China, and the transformation of all three by revolution (and vice versa). Concentrates throughout on gender as a category of historical analysis that has remained largely invisible in the construction of conventional Chinese history. (General Education Code(s): CC, T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) G. Hershatter

80N. Gender, Labor, and Feminist Productions. W
Examines how constructions of gender and intersecting constructions of race, class, and sexuality define the power of women differentially in the world of work. Beginning with the history of emancipation, traces the broader constructions of paid and unpaid labor in the 20th-century U.S. Traces the specific histories of transgender women workers, specific regional and industrial histories, and those marked by the meaning given to African, Asian, Euro-, indigenous, and Mexican descent in the construction of gender and work. Uses feminist methodology and contemporaneous visual and written work by women artists and filmmakers. (Formerly "Topics in U.S. Women's History: Women at Work.") (General Education Code(s): CC, T4-Humanities and Arts.) L. Haas

80W. The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry. *
Focus is on the destruction of the Jews of Europe by Nazi Germany. Issues are historically grounded, and include works of literature, social sciences, philosophy, and film. (Also offered as Literature 80L. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): ER, T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) M. Baumgarten, P. Kenez

80X. Civil Rights Movement: Grassroots Change and American Society. F
The civil rights movement of the 1950s-60s was one of the most important grassroots social movements in American history. Course examines this movement and its effects on American society, focusing especially on the experiences of rank-and-file participants. (Formerly Community Studies 80B) (General Education Code(s): ER, T3-Social Sciences, E.) D. Brundage

80Y. World War II Memories in the U.S. and Japan. W
Examines how the meaning of such issues as war origins, war responsibility, the atomic bomb, reparations, and racism have been subjects of contention in postwar U.S. and Japan. Students explore the relations between history, memory, and contemporary politics. (General Education Code(s): CC, T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) A. Christy, A. Yang

99. Tutorial. F,W,S
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

Upper-Division Courses

100. Historical Skills and Methods. *
Designed to train students in the fundamental skills required for advanced historical research. Students read historical theory and learn the basics of historical analysis, research, and disciplinary writing. Recommended to majors but open to all interested students. (General Education Code(s): TA.) The Staff

101A. The Making of the Modern World, 1400-1750. *
Focuses on the transformation of many different societies of Asia, Africa, and the Americas from 1400 to 1750 through case histories and the comparative study of European colonial hegemony, labor systems, global economic exchange, missions, and warfare. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) E. Burke

101B. The Making of the Modern World, 1750-1950. *
The history of the world from 1750. Focuses on the liberal project (the industrial and democratic revolutions) and its impact on the world—slavery and abolition, self-strengthening movements, race and class, imperialism, colonialism, and nationalism. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) E. Burke

101C. Oceans in World History. *
Oceans, human communities, and the variety of relations between societies have been linked closely in world history. This course focuses on the three most well-researched and, historically, most important oceanic worlds--those that developed to link the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, Indian Ocean, and Atlantic Ocean. (General Education Code(s): CC.) M. Matera

102A. The Crusades, 1000-1300. *
Examines history of Middle East and Latin Europe from 1000-1300, in particular, Latin Crusade and colonization and Muslim response. Format is chronological; topics such as acculturation, Holy War, and ethnicity examined through lectures and writing. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

102C. The Mediterranean in the Modern Era, 1730-1930. *
The cultural transformation of the Mediterranean region in comparative historical perspective from the rise of the Hapsburg and Ottoman empires to modern times. Topics include orientalism, political and economic transformations, social movements, cultural change, gender, colonialism, and imperialism. (General Education Code(s): CC.) E. Burke

103. Medieval Spain, 600-1500. *
History of the Iberian Peninsula and Northwest Africa from the Visigoths through the reign of the Catholic Monarchs. Political and economic history form the basis, with special attention paid to religious and social history, particularly the interrelation between the peninsula's ethno-confessional groups . Prerequisite(s): one history course; course 65A and/or course 65B recommended. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

104C. Celluloid Natives: American Indian History on Film. *
Examines how American Indian history and culture has been portrayed in Hollywood films, with an emphasis on films that represent Native Americans over the broad spectrum of Native American/white relations. (Formerly American Studies 123M.) (General Education Code(s): IM, E.) A. Lonetree

104D. Museums and the Representation of Native American History, Memory, and Culture. *
Provides an historical overview of the relationship between American Indians and museums. Current issues and practices in museums are explored, primarily those associated with ethics, collecting practices, exhibitions, education/interpretation, and administration/governance. (Formerly American Studies 136.) (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) A. Lonetree

105. Nations and Nationalism. S
Provides an historical, comparative, and theoretical exploration of the development of nations and nationalism. Emphases include the historical formation of nation-states, modernization, colonialism, decolonization, nations and globalization, and the intersections between ethnicity, race, religions, and nationalism. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

106A. Vietnam War Memories. *
Compares memories and interpretations of war in Southeast Asia by diverse groups in France, America, and Vietnam. Topics include war origins, military strategies, propaganda, combat, civilians, media, activism, MIAs, refugees, mixed race children, memorials, textbooks, films, music, literature, and art. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) A. Yang

106B. Asian and Asian American History, 1941-Present. *
Analyzes immigration, race relations, war, gender ideology, family life, acculturation, political activism, interracial marriage, multiracial identity, and cultural representations between 1941 and the present. Emphasis on discussion, writing, research, and group presentations. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

107. Religion and Modernity. *
Explores the impact of modernity on a variety of religious traditions. Examines the rise of secularism and the phenomenon of disenchantment; the "invention" of religion; and the emergence of fundamentalism in the modern period. (General Education Code(s): CC.) N. Deutsch

108. Social Movements in Historical Perspective. *
Readings examine 18th- through 20th-century social movements and related phenomena in Europe/America: examples include Tulipomania; revolutionary action in France; U.S. Civil Rights movement; and the environmental and feminist movements. Lectures focus on social science frameworks used to explore the social base, tactics, success or failure, and inter-relationships of social movements as a distinctive mode of social change. The Staff

109A. Race, Gender, and Power in the Antebellum South. *
Examines how ideologies of race and gender shaped the development of slavery and empire in the American South from European colonization to the eve of the American Civil War. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) C. Jones

110A. Colonial America, 1500-1750. W
Explores the social, economic, cultural, and political development of British North America from the first European/Amerindian contacts in the late 16th century through the establishment of a provincial British colonial society. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER.) M. Westerkamp

110B. Revolutionary America, 1740-1815. *
Explores the political, social, economic, and cultural development of British North America from the first stirrings of resistance to the establishment of the U.S. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. G. O'Malley

110D. The Civil War Era. W
Social, political, and economic history of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, focusing on the war's changing nature and significance, emancipation, and the postwar struggle over the future of the South and the nation. C. Jones

110E. What Is a Nation? The U.S. from 1877 to 1914. F
History of the U.S. during what was perhaps its most socially turbulent era, the period following Reconstruction through the First World War. What did it mean to be a nation in the post-Reconstruction era? How did a country that had only recently unified itself under one system of labor now resolve the question of national identity? Was America truly a nation by 1914? M. Lasar

110F. Crossroads for American Capitalism: The U.S., 1914 to 1945. *
Between the First and Second World Wars, American society accepted the need for a regulatory state to save capitalism from itself. Takes an in-depth look at many aspects of U.S. politics and culture during these years. M. Lasar

110G. The U.S. After the Second World War. F
From the Good War to the Cold War, the Sixties to the rise of the New Right, the post-1945 American experience has been one of extremes. This survey course looks for evidence of commonality during those times. M. Lasar

111. Popular Conceptions of Race in U.S. History, 1600-Present. *
Explores how race has been constructed and perceived, examining Americans' use of race to describe themselves and to label others. Particularly concerned with ordinary people and how and why their ideas of race have changed over time. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) G. O'Malley

112. American Feminist Thought, 1750-1950. *
Traces history of feminist thought in the United States from the 18th century Enlightenment to the mid-20th century. Focusing on questions of social identity, gender difference, and legal/political status, examines writings of philosophers, activists, novelists, and ordinary women that challenged religious, political, and scientific beliefs underlying gender inequality. M. Westerkamp

113C. Women and American Religious Culture. *
Historical introduction to religious culture of U.S. as experienced and created by women. Explores religious ideas about women, the treatment of women by mainstream institutions and religio-social communities, and female religious leaders and followers. Takes an explicitly feminist analytical approach and uses a variety of "texts," including historical and literary scholarship, sacred texts, fiction, autobiography, material artifacts, visual art, and music. M. Westerkamp

114. Market Revolution in Antebellum U.S.. *
Examines the cultural, political, and environmental upheaval associated with antebellum market revolution. Topics include: markets and U.S. territorial expansion; reform movements that coalesced around disputes over what should, and should not be sold (e.g., antislavery activism; anti-prostitution reform movements). C. Jones

115A. U.S. Labor History to 1919. F
Explores the history of work, working-class people, and the labor movement in the U.S., with attention to race and gender dynamics as well as to the development of workers' organizations. (Formerly U.S. Labor History, Colonial Period to 1919.) Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER.) D. Frank

115B. U.S. Labor History, 1919 to the Present. *
Explores the history of work, working-class people, and the labor movement in the U.S. in global perspective with attention to race and gender dynamics and political-economic changes. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER.) D. Frank

115C. Learning from the U.S. Great Depression. W
Examines U.S. society, politics, and culture during the 1930s, with emphasis on the relationship between social movements and public policy, and dynamics of race, ethnicity, immigration, and gender, and dynamics between labor, business, and the state. D. Frank

116. Slavery Across the Americas. *
Examines the exploitation of African people as slaves throughout European colonies in the Americas. How did slavery affect slaves, enslavers, and their societies? Emphasizes the diversity of slave regimes and their importance for shaping American life for all. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER.) G. O'Malley

117. Wired Nation: Broadcasting & Telecommunications in the US from the Telegraph to the Internet. *
Explores the history of telecommunications systems in the US starting with the telegraph, the telephone, wireless telegraph, radio, television and the Internet. Students learn about the development of these systems and the cultures that they foster. M. Lasar

118. The Global Cold War, 1945-1991. W
Explores the history of the Cold War from a global, multinational perspective. Begins with the opening salvos between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1945, and concludes with the collapse of the latter empire in 1991. M. Lasar

121A. African American History to 1877. W
A survey of pre-contact Africa, indigenous social structures, class relations, the encounter with Europe, forced migration, seasoning, resistance, Africa's gift to America, slavery and its opponents, industrialization, emigration vs. assimilation, stratification, Convention Movement, Black feminism, Civil War, and Reconstruction. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) D. Anthony

121B. African American History: 1877 to the Present. S
A survey of the period from 1877 to present, highlighting Jim Crow, Militarism, Black feminism, WWI, New Negro, Garveyism, Harlem Renaissance, Black Radicalism, Pan Africanism, Depression, WWII, Desegregation Movement, Black Power, 1960s, Reaganism. Cultural and economic emphases. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) D. Anthony

122A. Jazz and United States Cultural History, 1900-1945. S
Explores the meaning of jazz in United States society and as a U.S.-based art form in other societies. Examines the social and cultural forces that have produced different jazz styles and the various ways that social conflicts and ideals have been displaced onto the music. (General Education Code(s): IM.) E. Porter

123. Immigrants and Immigration in U.S. History. S
Introduces U.S. immigration history from the colonial era to the present, with emphasis on the recent past. Particular attention given to changing immigration patterns; the character of the immigrant experience; and the range of responses to immigration, including nativism. (General Education Code(s): ER.) D. Brundage

124. American Empire. *
Examines U.S. expansion and subsequent ascent to global power. In tracing the presence of the U.S. in different areas of the world during the 20th century, course considers the ideas, politics, gender, and social relations that have influenced imperial aspirations. L. Haas

125. California History. *
California had a multi-ethnic indigenous society for centuries. Course traces the persistent multi-ethnic quality of the region as it became part of the Spanish empire, Mexico, and the United States. Considers the many diasporas that have shaped California's steady connection to the world, especially to Mexico and other nations that border the Pacific. (Formerly California History.) (General Education Code(s): ER.) L. Haas

126. From Indigenous Colonial Borderlands to the U.S.-Mexico Border. *
Examines the interactions and integration of indigenous people and settlers in the Southwest U.S. and Northern Mexico from a region defined by its indigenous colonial borderlands to national borders. Explores the connections between the U.S. and Mexico. Within the deeply cross-cultural region studied, also examines the particular histories of states, indigenous peoples, and Mexican-origin groups and regions. (Formerly History of the Southwest: Colonial Period to 1920.) (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) L. Haas

127. Race and the American City. *
History of racial and ethnic minorities in the American city in the 19th and 20th centuries. Examines the experiences of several non-white groups, with analyses of race, class, culture, gender, acculturation, and implications for social policy in the urban environment. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

128. Chicana/Chicano History. *
A survey course on the social history of the Mexican (Chicana/o) community and people in the U.S. through the 20th century. Themes include resistance, migration, labor, urbanization, culture and politics. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

129. History and Public Policy. *
Helps students better understand the various social/economic/political issues of public policy by providing a historical perspective analysis. Each student is required to participate in a public history/public service internship. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): PR-S.) The Staff

130. History of Modern Cuba. S
Covers from the Cuban sugar revolution (late 18th century) to the socialist revolution and its aftermath (1959–present). It is intended to be not only a modern history of Cuba but also a broader history of Latin America through the case of Cuba. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

131. Women in Colonial Latin America. W
Introduction to the social history of Latin America through a focus on the inflections of class and ethnicity on gender in this region. First six weeks focuses on the colonial period. The last three weeks covers the 19th and 20th centuries. (Formerly Women in Latin America.) M. Diaz

132. History of the Caribbean: Colonial Period. *
A study of the Caribbean from the conquest to the abolition of slavery in the 19th century. Focus on the Greater Antilles, particularly the Spanish Caribbean. Emphasis on economic and social issues such as colonialism and the role of sugar production, slavery, and race/ethnicity in these multicultural societies. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

133. Topics in Colonial Latin American History, Early and Middle Period. *
Studies Pre-18th century colonial Latin America, with particular emphasis on Peru and Mexico. Topics include: strategies of colonization; cities and urban life; and knowledge, technology, and the professions (ethnographic projects, indigenous intellectuals, schools and universities, medicine and hospitals, the law and the courts). (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

134A. Colonial Mexico. *
Covers the social, cultural, economic, and political history of colonial Mexico (New Spain). Special attention paid to colonial identity formation, religion, and labor systems. Begins by examining indigenous societies prior to the arrival of Europeans and concludes with Mexico's independence movement in the early 19th century. (Formerly History of Mexico, 1500–1850.) (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) M. O'Hara

134B. History of Mexico, 1850 to Present. *
Social, cultural, economic, and political history from the triumph of Liberalism to the present day, focusing on four key periods: the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz (1900–1910), the armed phase of the Revolution (1910–1920), the consolidation of revolutionary programs and a "single-party democracy" (1920–1940), and the developmentalist counter-revolution since 1940. Provides background for understanding the Mexican diaspora to the U.S. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) M. O'Hara

137A. Africa to 1800. *
Introduction to history of Africa. Topics include states and "stateless" societies, culture, society and economy in the pre-modern era, stratification, oral traditions, long distance trade, the coming of Islam, and the evolution of the South Atlantic system and its social, political, and other consequences. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) D. Anthony

137B. Africa from 1800 to the Present. *
How Africa lost its continental, regional, and local autonomy in the era of European imperialism. The components of European hegemony, Christian proselytization, comparative colonial strategies and structures, nationalism, decolonization and independence and the disengagement from neo-colonial patterns and the colonial legacy. Case studies from northern and subsaharan Africa. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) D. Anthony

137C. African Cinema. *
Historical study of modern African cinematography from the emergence of film as a tool of social control in the imperial and colonial periods to its theoretical and practical transformation by African cineastes in the post-independence era. Films and videos from northern, eastern, western, central/equatorial, and southern Africa viewed. Prerequisite(s): course 30 or 137A or 137B, or by permision of instructor. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) D. Anthony

140B. History of Qing China, 1644-1911. S
Introduces students to how Qing China arose, expanded, and struggled to enter the modern world. Focuses on what the Qing empire had in common with other agrarian empires across Eurasia, commercialization and communication networks, elite mobility and peasant revolts, political legitimacy of the alien rule, maintaining social order (such as merchants' control and gender segregation), massive population growth and internal migration, as well as its conflicts with the industrial West. (General Education Code(s): CC.) M. Hu

140C. Revolutionary China 1895-1960. F
Explores history of China from the late 19th century to the early years of the People's Republic, focusing on the end of imperial rule, the sources and development of revolution, and early attempts at at socialist transformation. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) E. Honig

140D. Recent Chinese History. W
Explores history of China from establishment of the People's Republic of China to the present, focusing on competing strategies of socialist transformation, urban/rural relations, and the effects of the post-Mao economic reforms. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) G. Hershatter

140E. Women in China's Long 20th Century. *
Introduces changes in Chinese women's lives--and changes in shared social ideas about what women should do and be--from the mid-19th century to the present. When we foreground gender as a category of analysis, how does history look different? (General Education Code(s): CC.) G. Hershatter

141A. Classical Chinese Culture and Literature, 10th Century B.C.E. through Sixth Century C.E. W
Survey of writing and culture from the 10th century B.C.E. through the sixth century C.E., focusing on poetry, philosophical and historical writing, supernatural fiction, Buddhist/Taoist texts in contexts of fragmentation, empire building, dynastic collapse, rebellion, eremitism, and courtly society. Satisfies the Pre- and Early Modern and World Literature concentrations; also satisfies the Global, Poetry, and Pre- and Early Modern distribution requirements. (Also offered as World Lit & Cultural Studies 135. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): E.) C. Connery

142. World History of Science. S
Searches for a common ground in which historians and scientists can communicate with each other from a global perspective, first situating the modern world in a long span of human history to reveal our time as a distinct stage of global development. Science and technology, the focus of this course, play a crucial role in the formation of the modern world. (General Education Code(s): SI.) M. Hu

144A. Modern Korea: History, Literature, and Culture. *
Studies the making of modern Korea through history, literature, and culture. Beginning with the period of Korea's opening, covers topics like Japanese colonialism, national division, the Cold War, North Korea, and South Korean globalization. The Staff

144B. Gender in Korea. *
Studies the history of gender relations and women's writings in Korea from the Choson era to contemporary Korea. Topics include new women, women as proletarians, revolutionary womanhood, masculinity and militarism, camptown culture, and motherhood. The Staff

145. Gender, Colonialism, and Third-World Feminisms. *
Introduces the history of feminism in the third world, focusing on the ways in which colonialism (and post-colonialism) has shaped gender relations and on the feminist movements that have emerged in response to the impact of colonialism. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Honig

146A. Colonial South Asia 1750-1947. F
Introduces key transformations--political, economic, social, and cultural--in colonial Indian history. The focus is on the processes, institutions, and ideas that shaped colonial power and resisted it. J. Shaikh

147A. History of Premodern India. *
A study of religions (Vaisnavism, Tantrism, Islam, Sikhism), art, literature, and social movements in their historical contexts from 1000 A.D. to 1800. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) The Staff

147B. Political and Social History of Modern South Asia. *
Social, political, and religious movements in the colonial and postcolonial contexts of the 19th and 20th centuries in modern and contemporary South Asia. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) The Staff

148. Cinema and History: Film Author Satyajit Ray. *
Satyajit Ray is widely acclaimed as a master of world cinema. Course considers his work to examine "authorship" at multiple levels: the cultural, historical, social, and familial contexts and the relationship of his film to fiction, the politics and poetics of his vision, and its relationship to colonial, nationalist, and postcolonial India. Also studies the question of gender and the underclass. (General Education Code(s): E.) The Staff

150A. Ancient Japan. F
Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from prehistorical migrations through the 15th century. Emphases include examination of social structures, political formations, cultural production, and religion. (General Education Code(s): CC.) N. Aso

150B. Tokugawa Japan. *
Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from the middle of the 15th century to the middle of the 19th century. Focus is on the era of civil war, the formation of the early modern federated state, social structure, and cultural production. A. Christy

150C. Modern Japan. S
Surveys the history of the peoples of the modern Japanese nation from the Meiji Restoration to the present. Focuses on the formation of the modern state, empire, social movements, and cultural production. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) N. Aso

150D. The Japanese Empire, 1868-1945. *
Examines the history of the Japanese colonial empire from 1868 to 1945, including the colonies of Taiwan, Korea, Micronesia, and Manchuria. Considers how the colonies were ruled and what the legacies of the empire have been. A. Christy, N. Aso

152. Trade and Travel on the Silk Roads. *
Introduction to two millennia of history along the ancient trade routes popularly known as the "Silk Road." These routes carried precious goods between Asia and Europe, while also serving as important conduits for the flow of people and ideas. (General Education Code(s): CC.) M. Peterson

154A. Classic Islamic Civilization. *
The civilization of Islam to 1258 A.D. Origins and early florescence, an international civilization, the coming of the steppe peoples. (Formerly course 161.) Enrollment limited to 35. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Burke

155. History of Modern Israel. W
The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is one of the most intractable disputes in our troubled world. Course begins with a glimpse of Palestine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, surveys the rise and fall of utopian Zionism, pays especially close attention to the events of 1948 and 1967, and concludes by analyzing the collapse of hopes for peace after Oslo and Camp David meetings. (General Education Code(s): CC, E.) B. Thompson

156. Interrogating Politics in the Post-Colonial Middle East. W
Explores the political trajectory of the post-colonial Middle East. Topics include: the Cold War and rise of Third Worldism; women's movements; political Islam; Arab-Israeli conflict; Lebanese Civil War; impact of oil production; Iranian Revolution; rise of the Arabian Gulf. (General Education Code(s): CC.) J. Derr

157. The Ottoman Empire. F
Explores the history of the Ottoman Empire with emphasis on its Arabic-speaking provinces. In addition to critically considering the political trajectory of the empire, we interrogate a wide range of topics relating to community organization, economic networks, international affairs, and the significance of religion within the Ottoman realm. (General Education Code(s): CC.) J. Derr

159A. Greco-Roman Egypt. W
Examines the political, social, religious, and material culture of ancient Egypt during these periods of intense interaction with the ancient Near East and Mediterranean, from the period of Alexander (332 BCE) through the beginning of Coptic Christianity (3rd century CE). (General Education Code(s): CC.) E. Sullivan

160A. Athenian Democracy. *
Athenian democracy from foundation to the fourth century B.C., with emphasis on its practices and ideologies. Readings from ancient sources and modern theory. Topics to include foundations and development; Athenian concepts of freedom, equality, law, citizenship. Lectures and discussion. (General Education Code(s): CC.) C. Hedrick

160C. Topics in Greek History. F
Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Greek history, varying from year to year. Examples include Greek religion, Alexander, the Hellenistic world, the ancient Greek economy, and Greece and India; Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War; Greek art and archaeology. Enrollment restricted to history and classical studies majors. May be repeated for credit. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

161B. Topics in Roman History. *
Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Roman history, varying from year to year. Examples include Roman religion, Augustus and the Roman Empire, Julio-Claudian emperors and the principate, Roman slavery, and Christianity and Rome. Enrollment restricted to history and classical studies majors or minors, or by permission of instructor. May be repeated for credit. C. Hedrick

161C. Age of Augustus. *
Surveys Rome's transition from Republic to Empire, and the politics, people, and literary and material culture of the principate. Enrollment restricted to history and classical studies majors and minors, or by permission of instructor. J. Lynn

162. Canaan, Israel, and Palestine from Polytheism to Monotheism. *
This social and cultural history of Israel begins with the rise of the Israelite monarchy and ends in the early Roman period. Economy, political organization, and religious practices and beliefs such as polytheism and monotheism are compared with those of neighboring peoples. Priority given to history majors. G. Hamel

163A. A History of Sin. *
Ancient and modern conceptions of sin, and remedies offered for it. Course is not a theology of sin and redemption, but an invitation to reflect on ways sin and fault have been imagined and formulated. (Formerly course 163.) The Staff

163B. Genesis: A History. *
Introduction to historical, textual, source, and redaction criticism of the book of Genesis and to exegesis as science and ideology. Texts, history, and iconography of neighboring traditions (Mesopotamian, Ugaritic, Egyptian, Greek) are also studied when appropriate. Course 44, Literature 80A, or some basis in Hebrew or Greek is strongly suggested. (General Education Code(s): CC.) G. Hamel

164A. Late-Medieval Italy, c. 1200-1400. *
Italy from the birth of the commune to the early Renaissance in Florence. Topics include urban life and social conflict, gender roles, St. Francis, the Black Death, female mystics, Dante, Boccaccio, humanism, artistic developments from Giotto through Donatello. Requires viewing several films outside of class. C. Polecritti

164B. Renaissance Italy, c. 1400-1600. *
Italy from the Florentine Renaissance through the Reformation. Topics include social change and political consolidation, the rise of the papacy, court life, witch hunting, Machiavelli, artistic developments from Donatello through late Venetian Renaissance. Requires viewing several films outside of class. Course 164A recommended as preparation. C. Polecritti

165. The Power of Writing: Books and Libraries 600-1500. *
Surveys how books were made and used in Europe from 600-1500. Focuses on the relationship between book production and the development of libraries. Meets in Special Collections, McHenry Library. Exhibition as class project. Enrollment limited to 25. E. Remak-Honnef

166. Northern Ireland: Communities in Conflict. *
Introduction to the so-called "troubles" in Northern Ireland, from the 1960s to the present. Examination of the historical background to the conflict, the patterns of conflict in the 1970s and 1980s, and the emergence of a peace process in the 1990s. (Formerly Community Studies 136.) (General Education Code(s): CC.) D. Brundage

168. Rise of the Dutch Republic. *
Focuses on the origin of the Republic in the revolt against Spanish overlordship, and its political, social, and economic development in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Staff

169. Dutch and Belgian History, 1500 to Present. F
The political, social, economic, and cultural history of the modern Netherlands and Belgium from 1500 to the present day. E. Kehler

170A. French History: Old Regime and Revolution. *
French history from the Middle Ages through the Revolution. Focus on the rise and fall of "absolute" monarchy, the nature of Old Regime society, the causes and significance of the French Revolution. Attention to those who endured as well as to those who made events. The Staff

170B. French History: The 19th Century. *
Social, political, and cultural history of France from the Revolution to WWI. Focus on the Revolutionary tradition, the Napoleonic myth, the transformation of Paris, and the integration of the peasantry into the national community. Readings may include novels by Stendhal and Balzac. J. Beecher

171. Revolutions in France. *
Examines the political/social upheaval in 1789, 1830, and 1848 in light of the sweeping changes brought to 19th-century France by those other great "revolutions" of the age, the democratic and the industrial. Students' written work focuses on the comparative analysis of revolution. Offered in alternate academic years. The Staff

172A. German History. F
The development of German civilization, including philosophy and literature as well as politics and diplomacy in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. M. Cioc

172B. German Film, 1919–1945. W
Introduction to German films from 1919 to 1945. Through combination of movies and documentaries, gain insight into political, economic, social, and cultural conditions of Weimar and Nazi Germany. The Staff

173B. Imperial Russia, 1696-1917. S
Russian history from Peter the Great through the collapse of the Russian Empire. Explores the relationship between state and subjects (both Russian and non-Russian), alongside the role that geography played in an expanding empire in an increasingly globalizing world. (General Education Code(s): CC.) M. Peterson

174. Spies: History and Culture of Espionage. F
Analyzes the roles of espionage and intelligence in modern European history with emphasis on major conflicts from the Franco-Prussian War through the Cold War and beyond. Also examines images of spies in popular culture from the early 20th century to the present. (Formerly course 80K.) (General Education Code(s): CC.) B. Thompson

175A. Medieval Russia. *
Medieval Russia. P. Kenez

175B. Modern Russian History. F
Modern Russian history from serf liberation in 1861 to the present. (Formerly Russian History.) P. Kenez

175D. History of Soviet Film. *
Does not stress questions of aesthetics or technical aspects of film making, but the changing ideology inherent in Soviet films. The goal of examining cinema is to enrich our understanding of Soviet history. Readings include works of famous directors and theorists—Eisenstein, Vertov, Pudovkin, and Kuleshov—in addition to secondary works by Denise Youngblood, Richard Taylor, Josephine Woll, and Anna Lawton. P. Kenez

176. Eastern Europe, 1848-2000. S
Examines the political and social history of modern Eastern Europe, excluding the Balkans and Baltic States, from 1848 to the present. Focuses on the development of nationalism, war, occupation, ethnic strife, communism, and democratic reform in this region. (General Education Code(s): CC.) The Staff

177. Smoke, Smallpox, and the Sublime: Thinking about the Environment in the 19th Century. *
Examines ways in which Europeans and others thought about the environment and nature in the 19th century and how their concerns about issues such as climate change, pollution, and conservation were both similar to and different from environmentalist thinking today. (General Education Code(s): PE-E.) M. Peterson

178A. European Intellectual History: The Enlightenment. *
Study of European thought and literature from Hobbes and Swift to Rousseau and Goethe. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to traditions of religious conflict and criticism rising from the Protestant Reformation; to the discovery of the world beyond Europe; and to the intellectual and cultural roots of the French Revolution. (Formerly European Intellectual History.) N. Deutsch

178B. European Intellectual History: The 19th Century. *
Study of European thought and literature from Blake to Nietzsche. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to the rise and fall of the Romantic movement, to changing conceptions of history, and to the development of socialist and aesthetic critiques of industrial civilization. (Formerly European Intellectual History.) J. Beecher

178C. European Intellectual History, 1870-1970. *
Drawing on experiments in autobiography, the arts, and social theory, this course focuses on ideas and images of modernity in European culture. It also highlights the role of the intellectual as politically engaged or disillusioned witness in a violent century. Offered in alternate academic years. (General Education Code(s): CC.) B. Thompson

178D. Russian Intellectual History. *
Focus on the emergence in 19th-century Russia of a westernized intelligentsia; its effort both to assimilate western ideas and to define the destinies of Russia; the shaping of the Russian revolutionary movement. Readings in Dostoyevsky, Turgenev, Herzen, and representative Russian Slavophils, Populists, and Nihilists. J. Beecher

178E. Modern Jewish Intellectual History. *
Surveys European Jewish intellectual history from the Enlightenment to the present. Major themes include emancipation and assimilation, the flowering of Yiddish literature, the rise of Zionism, new variations on the messianic idea, and Jewish contributions to the culture of urban modernism. Offered in alternate academic years. (General Education Code(s): ER.) B. Thompson

180A. English History. *
Emphasis on the interaction between social, economic, religious, and political developments. An attempt to place these phenomena in the context of the wider European and world scene. The period from 1485 to 1689. The Staff

180B. English History. *
Considers how Britain became the pacemaker of modernity in the 18th and 19th centuries; how national, regional, class, and gender identities formed and altered; and how Britain coped with loss of global power in the 20th century. The Staff

181. Modern Britain and the British Empire. S
Examines the history of the British Isles and the British Empire from the late 17th century to the present. Traces the expansion, transformation, and dissolution of the British Empire as well as the changing meanings of "Englishness" and "Britishness" over this period. (General Education Code(s): CC.) M. Matera

183A. Nineteenth-Century Italy. W
Italian politics, culture, and society from the Napoleonic era through early leftist movements. Central emphasis on the Risorgimento and Unification. Other topics include: north-south conflict; banditry; urban change; growth of tourism; popular religion; family structures and gender; visual arts and opera. C. Polecritti

183B. Fascism and Resistance in Italy. S
Examines Italian politics, society, and culture (c. 1900-1950), emphasizing the Fascist regime; interdisciplinary focus emphasizing history, literature, and film. Course 183A recommended as preparation. (Formerly course 183.) C. Polecritti

185A. Conflict of Interest: War, Holocaust, and Industry in the Lodz Ghetto. *
Examines how Nazi war machine exploited Jewish slave labor in the Lodz ghetto industrial complex while a state apparatus systematically exterminated the workers. Includes a visit from a survivor of ghetto factories and graphics from ghetto workshops. Prerequisite(s): one upper-division history course. Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

185B. Rethinking the Holocaust: Bioscience, Race Theory, and Genocide. *
Traces the Nazi "Superstate" project from its origins at the conjunction of bioscientific theory and racialist ideology to its conclusion in the Holocaust, providing a historical perspective for social and political dilemmas raised by contemporary biomedical advances. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

185D. Jewish Social Movements.
Jewish social movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries, in Europe (Eastern and Western) and the U.S.: the confrontation between Hasidism and Haskahah, tensions between socialism and Zionism, between religiosity and secularism, the mutual influences among these tendencies. (Also offered as History of Consciousness 118. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): E.) B. Epstein

185E. The Historiography of the Holocaust. *
Offers a comprehensive historiography of the Holocaust, distinct from the narrowly focused perspectives generally presented in Holocaust studies, to familiarize students with the origins, evolution, and major developments in the Nazi genocide and its historical consequences. Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

185F. Private Lives, Family Histories, and the Holocaust Experience. *
Holocaust historiography has surveyed the broad landscape of genocide or focused narrowly on individual experience. Course examines the middle ground of family and its role in resistance during the destruction of communal existence and survival in the aftermath. (Formerly course 196Q.) Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, and classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): ER, E.) The Staff

185H. Women, Gender, and Jewish Modernity (1800-Present). *
Explores the impact of modernization upon women and the concepts of gender, both feminine and masculine, in Jewish societies across Europe, the Middle East, and India. The Staff

185I. Latin American Jewish History in the Modern Period. *
Explores Jewish immigration settlement and identity negotiation in Latin America from the mid-19th Century to the present. The Staff

185J. The Modern Jewish Experience. *
Historical comparative overview of the political, socio-cultural, and intellectual transformation of Jewish societies in Europe and the Middle East from the late 18th Century to the present. The Staff

185K. Jewish Life in Eastern Mediterranean Port Cities. *
Overview of the Jewish experience in important cities in the age of empire. Istanbul, Beirut, Alexandria, and Salonica were home to thriving, culturally diverse Jewish populations. Course explores these urban Jewish cultures, the institutions, and intellectual production. The Staff

190. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars. 
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

190A. Slavery and Race in Latin America. S
Covers comparative history of slavery in Latin America with questions of race in the colonial and national periods and key moments and debates in the historiography of slavery and its relation to ideologies of the past and the nations. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Diaz

190B. Race and the Nation in Latin America. *
Focuses on the ways in which nation and race have been thought about in Latin America throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. These concepts were closely intertwined, albeit in differing and changing ways, since the wars of independence from Spain and Portugal (1810-1825). Compares the ways in which "black," "Indian," and "racially mixed" ("mulatto" or "mestizo") have been socially constructed, ideologized, and contended in different countries, including Brazil, the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and Argentina. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Diaz

190C. 9/11 in Historical Perspective. F
Explores how scholars and other observers have tried to make sense of the events of and following September 11, 2001, through analysis and other invocations of historical precedent. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) E. Porter

190D. Tale of Two Cities. *
A comparative study of the social, economic, cultural, political, and geographical development of Los Angeles and Mexico City in the 20th century. Emphasis on the diverse peoples, changing physical environment and various images/interpretations of these two world cities. (Also offered as Latin American&Latino Studies 194P. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and Latin American and Latino studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) The Staff

190E. Topics in Chicana/o History. *
A seminar on the history of Chicanos/Mexicans in the United States, 1848 to the present. Topics include Chicana/o labor, family, social, urban, cultural, and political history. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) The Staff

190F. Research Seminar in the Americas. *
Students learn how to conduct research and write history. Primary and secondary sources are extensively read. Research sources include a rich array of government documents, newspapers, memories and diaries, visual material and film. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190G. History and Theory. S
Each year students study one or more theorists or schools of philosophy and history. Themes vary by year and include: Walter Benjamin, Hayden White, Agnes Heller, the Frankfurt School, and the Subaltern School. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190H. History of Time. *
Writing-intensive seminar on the experience, manipulation, and representation of time in history. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources. Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment limited to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. O'Hara

190I. California and the Borderlands. *
Complete original research in California and borderlands history in this senior research seminar. Focus on selected problems and themes. Assignments and discussions help students frame their research and edit their writing. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190J. Diaspora and Migration in World History. *
Diaspora studies recently have included a range of movements and people in colonial, post-colonial, and national dilemmas. Diaspora studies share historical themes with migration studies, and include the study of forced exile and situations of genocide and femicide experienced by indigenous and national minorities. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. L. Haas

190K. Wired Planet: Readings on the Global History of Broadcasting and Telecommunications. *
Locates common themes in the history of broadcasting and telecommunications throughout the world. Why do certain strategies for developing broadcasting and telecommunications systems succeed or fail? Why do some nations outstrip other nations of comparable development in the growth of their communications systems? Why do national or regional communication systems suddenly become more or less open—or more or less centralized? Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190L. Personal Politics in the New South. *
Examines the tensions between movements for political reform and reaction in the southern United States between Reconstruction and the second world war. Students develop a research paper grounded in primary research that addresses these questions. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) C. Jones

190M. History of Children and Culture of Childhood in the 19th Century. *
Explores the lives of children and the functions of the literary figure of the child in the cultural politics of the 19th century in the United States. Examines the historically contingent nature of childhood through historical, literary, and visual sources. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Jones

190N. Topics in African History. W
Examines contemporary crises in Africa: the new South Africa, refugees, HIV/AIDS, children of war, blood or conflict diamonds, civil war, and genocide in Rwanda. Seminar format where students will be prepared to undertake studies on specific subjects and two rounds of 15–20 page papers. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) D. Anthony

190O. African American Historiography. *
Major themes in contemporary African American historiography on a topical basis. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) D. Anthony

190P. Early American Society and Culture. *
Explores subjects and themes in the political, social, and cultural history of early U.S. history from the colonial period through 1850. Includes critical reading of current scholarship and research in primary texts. The focus of this course is the production of a 25-page research paper. Recommended for senior history majors. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Westerkamp

190Q. The Novel and History. *
Explores novels and novelists in relation to the writing of historical scholarship. Breaking down the simplistic genre division between fiction and nonfiction, provides opportunities for students to read novels as historical evidence, novels as editorial commentary, and novels as analytical narrative. Students produce a series of papers that culminate in a 25-page research project. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Westerkamp

190R. Research in the History of American Religions. *
Readings and research in the history of religions in the United States. Readings focus on topics including the rise of evangelicalism; gender and religion; class, race, and religious diversity; and modernity. Students produce papers that culminate in a 25-page research project. Prerequisite(s): Satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Westerkamp

190S. Women and Social Movements in the U.S. W
Examines history of women and social movements in the U.S., such as abolitionism, anti-lynching, Chinese and Jewish garment workers, Chicana farm labor activism, the American Indian Movement, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Civil Rights movement. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) D. Frank

190T. Latin America in the Cold War. *
Writing-intensive seminar on Latin America during the Cold War. Particular attention given to U.S.-Latin American relations, including moments of covert or direct interventions. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. O'Hara

190U. Power, Culture, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. F
In this research seminar, students explore F.B.I. files obtained under the Freedom of Information Act on a prominent citizen of the United States of America. (Formerly Power and Cutlure in the U.S.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190V. The Corporation and Its Critics. *
Studies transformation of the U.S. corporation from limited tool in hands of state government to the central organizational unit of capitalism and crucial focus of American politics. Readings include influential histories of the corporation from Republic's early years through 1970s. Students debate impact of the corporation from Marxist, free market, anti-colonialist, and feminist perspectives. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190W. Topics in U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction. S
Students read historiographically significant works in the history of the U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction. Students develop research projects grounded in primary source material on a related topic of their choosing. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Jones

190X. History of the Atlantic World, 1492-1824. W
Explores the transatlantic societies created by Europeans' colonization of the Americas, and their exploitation of African salves. Questions whether the cultural, economic, and political links across the ocean integrated the adjacent lands into a fundamentally "Atlantic World." Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) G. O'Malley

190Y. The Atlantic Slave Trade. *
Before 1800, far more Africans than Europeans colonized the Americas, arriving unwillingly in the slave trade. Course examines the captives' experiences; the trade's organization and significance in the Atlantic economy; and the eventual movement to abolish the traffic. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) G. O'Malley

190Z. The Long Civil Rights Movement. S
Explores the concept of the "long civil rights movement" as a framework for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and political developments in the African American freedom struggle, in both North and South, from the 1930s through the 1980s. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) D. Brundage

192. Directed Student Teaching.
Teaching of a lower-division seminar under faculty supervision. (See course 42.) Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. The Staff

193. Field Study.
To allow promising, well-qualified undergraduates to pursue directed programs of archival or archaeological study in the field under supervision of the UCSC history faculty, concentrating their work within a single given quarter. Students may take two or three courses concurrently. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

194. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars.
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

194A. Gender, Class, and Sex in Shanghai. *
Focusing on Shanghai, course examines issues of gender, class, and sex in modern urban Chinese history. Given Shanghai's history as a treaty port, particular attention paid to ways in which its semi-colonial status inflected the articulation of gender identities, class formations and issues of sexuality (particularly sexual labor). Also looks at Shanghai during the Maoist period and in the context of more contemporary economic reforms. (Also offered as Feminist Studies 194N. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; and course 140C, or 140D, or 140E, or permission of instructor. Restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) E. Honig

194B. Okinawan History. F
Examines the history of Okinawa with particular attention paid to the modern era. The goal is to give students a solid foundation in the historiography of major themes in the study of Okinawan society. (Formerly course 196X.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) A. Christy

194D. Topics in Korean History. *
Overview of Korean history with emphasis on international relations from tributary links with China through colonization by Japan to postwar division between patron states, the USSR and U.S. History of women in Korea also a major theme. (Formerly course 196Q.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194E. Women in Japanese History. *
Examines through both primary and secondary sources such issues as work, sexuality, education, class, and ethnicity in relation to constructions of female gender in Japanese society over the past several centuries, particularly focusing on the modern era. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) N. Aso

194G. China Since the Cultural Revolution: Histories of the Present. *
Explores the rapid and often destabilizing shifts that have taken place in China since the late 1970s (the "reform era"), tracing the effects of China's earlier experiment with revolutionary socialism on the market-driven present. Examines how various meanings of reform are negotiated; changes in rural and urban environments; and class, gender, and ethnic differences. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) G. Hershatter

194H. Gender, Family, and State in China: 1600-Present. *
Explores gender, family, and state power in China from 1600 to present, examining gendered norms, education, political movements, revolutionary practice, sexuality and sex work, and state interventions in contemporary families. Responses to reading and a research paper required. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) G. Hershatter

194M. Literati, Samurai, and Yangban: Comparative History of State and Elite in East Asia, 1600-1900. W
Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing, China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 294M. Prerequisite(s): course 40A or 140B, and one additional upper-division history course or permission of instructor, and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Hu

194N. Comparative Studies in Modern Asian History. *
Seminar on cultural and social changes in Asia, mainly in the 19th and 20th centuries. Topics include colonial encounters, cities, narratives of ordinary persons, nationalism and identity, visual cultures, and Orientalism. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) The Staff

194Q. Making Space in the Colonial and Post-Colonial World. *
Explores the production and experience of new forms of space in the colonial and post-colonial world through historical, political, and anthropological case studies with an emphasis on the Middle East and Africa. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) J. Derr

194R. Cairo: The City Victorious, 1750-2000. *
The modernization of a world city from 1750 to the present. Cairo's social and cultural history (literature, film, music) against the background of its changing political and economic contexts. Topics include: orientalism, nationalism, imperialism, minorities, women, migration, urbanism, popular culture, tourism. Prerequisite(s): Two upper-division history courses; and course 41 or 101A or 101B; and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194S. Comparative Studies in World History. *
Explores a broad topic in world history (varies from year to year) such as settler colonial nationalism, mission, involuntary labor, pre-political resistance, or defensive modernization in comparative historical perspective. (Formerly course 196W.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. May be repeated for credit. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194U. The Cold War and East Asia. S
Considers through primary and secondary sources the events and aftermath of the Cold War in East Asia in terms of state formation, domestic and foreign policy, and protest movements in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan with reference to Vietnam. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) N. Aso

194X. The Cold War in the Mediterranean, 1942-1991. *
Writing-intensive course on the Mediterranean. Topics include: U.S. relations with the region (including direct and indirect intervention), local responses, and cultural transformations. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194Y. Memories of WWII in the U.S. and Japan. W
Research seminar comparing U.S. and Japanese memories of World War II. Topics include war origins, total war, the atomic bomb, war responsibility, reparations, memorials, museums, and monuments. Primary work devoted to research in original texts and documents. Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor; satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; course 80Y recommended. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) A. Yang

195A. Thesis Research.
Prerequisite(s): petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration). The Staff

195B. Thesis Writing.
Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration). (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars.
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

196A. Is British History Possible?. *
An examination of the possibilities and problems of producing a history that is genuinely British: one that pays due attention to the histories of the four modern peoples or nations of the British archipelago. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196B. Social Protests in Late Medieval and Early Modern England. *
Explores the social, cultural, economic, and political context of popular protest in England from 1347 through 1631. An important dimension of that exploration is an examination of official government responses to riot and rebellion. Two courses in medieval or early modern European history recommended as preparation. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196C. Modern Italian Culture. *
Developments in Italian culture and society from the postwar to the present. Topics include north-south divisions, family and gender, cinema and modernity, urbanization, mafia, and terrorism. Prerequisite(s): course 164A or 164B or 183A or 183B, or permission of instructor and one upper-division history course; and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing Requirement. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Polecritti

196D. City of Rome. *
Explores the long-term urban history or Rome from its founding through the modern tourist city. Emphasizes the cityscape and geographical centers of political power, culture, and religion, as well as the everyday life of neighborhoods. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, classical studies, and Italian studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Polecritti

196E. Modern Irish History. S
Aims to illuminate major themes and turning points of modern Irish history: the causes and consequences of the famine; the development of Irish nationalism; revolution, civil war, and partition; and the recent economic boom. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) B. Thompson

196F. European Environmental History. *
Examines interactions between human societies and the natural world in Europe. Topics include: impact of European imperialism; changing attitudes toward the natural world; the Industrial Revolution in ecological perspective; the beginnings of preservationist and conservationist movements; the evolution of 20th-century environmentalism; and the historical context of contemporary environmental problems. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) B. Thompson

196G. Modern Germany and Europe. W
A senior reading and research seminar that explores the major historiographic debates in German history during the 19th and 20th centuries. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, and Jewish studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Cioc

196H. Sex and the City--The History of Sexuality in Urban Areas Around the Globe. *
Focuses on the history of sexuality in major urban areas globally. Topics include: sexual identities and race, class, and gender; sex work, policing, and urban spaces; gay, lesbian, and transgender communities; race, gender, and sexuality within the context of colonialism. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or by permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Matera

196I. The French Revolution. *
Students conduct original research on the French Revolution of 1789 based on mix of primary and secondary courses. Classroom discussions focus on interpreting contemporary documents and addressing historiographical issues. Seminar format with significant written requirements. Presumes familiarity with the period. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; course 70B and one upper-division history course; or course 170A or 171. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196J. Autobiography and History. *
Students prepare research papers using a combination of sources, both primary (the autobiographies, diaries, or memoirs of historically relevant figures) and secondary (chronologically and thematically appropriate works of synthesis that help contextualize the lives of their subjects). Seminar format with significant written requirements. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing requirement; Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196K. Studies in European Intellectual History. *
Topics in European intellectual history from the French Revolution to World War I. Readings exemplifying approaches from history of ideas and intellectual biography to recent studies of rhetoric and political culture. Preparation and presentation of research paper. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) J. Beecher

196M. Shtetl: Eastern European Jewish Life. *
For several centuries, the shtetl functioned as the center of Jewish life in Eastern Europe. Alternately mythologized and pathologized, the shtetl continues to exist as an imaginary space that defines and distorts the historical image of Eastern European Jewish life. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 257. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and Jewish studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) N. Deutsch

196N. Eastern European Jewish Social History. *
Study of 19th- and 20th-century Eastern European and Russian Jewish social history. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, and Jewish studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) The Staff

196O. Russian Revolution, 1917-1932. *
Study of the major political, social, and intellectual conflicts and transformations of the period. Topics include February and October revolutions, Civil War, NEP, rise of Stalinism, and collectivization. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) P. Kenez

196P. Hitler and Stalin. *
A discussion of 20th-century totalitarianism. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, and Jewish studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) P. Kenez

196Q. Europe and the World During the Cold War. W
Explores European history from the end of World War II through the fall of the Soviet Union. Examines how Europe evolved from a fragmented, polarized array of colonial rivals to a more economically and culturally integrated place. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

196R. Social World of Roman Palestine. *
Inquiry into the structures of Roman Palestine on the basis of parables from the synoptic Gospels, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus, inscriptions, and archaeological discoveries. Physical, social, economic, and ideological conditions are researched in an ethnographic fashion. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, classical studies, and Jewish studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196S. Special Topics in Ancient History. *
Seminar focuses on different topics in ancient history. In addition to assigned readings, the student is expected to do additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course will vary from year to year. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors and classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Hedrick

196U. Topics in Medieval History. *
Addresses contemporary and modern interpretations of the events relation to medieval history. Through critical discussion and debate, assesses the value and limitations of various historical sources, as well as developing skills in reserach, presentation-making, and writing. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, course 102A or 103, and one upper-division history course, or by permission. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. May be repeated for credit. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196W. Brave New World? Scientific & Technological Visions of Utopia and Dystopia in Russia/Soviet Union. *
Focuses on the role of scientific and technological developments in creating the kinds of social, economic, and ecological change that inspired utopian thinking--as well as utopia's counterpart, dystopia--in Russia in the late 19th and 20th centuries. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Peterson

196Y. Saints and Holiness in Medieval Europe. F
Examines popular religious belief and practice, including conversion, the cult of the saints, relics, pilgrimage, miracles and visions. Emphasis on Medieval Europe, but some attention also paid to modern patterns of devotion. Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses; satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Polecritti

196Z. Europe From the Margins: Outside Influences on Modern European Thought and Culture. F
Europe's engagement with the outside world, which ranged from cultural and intellectual borrowings to relations of domination and colonialism, shaped its modern history and culture. This course examines the cultural and intellectual history of modern Europe by focusing on the ways in which European thinkers and cultural producers drew upon or were influenced by non-European sources. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Matera

198. Independent Field Study.
Student's supervision is conducted by a regularly appointed officer of instruction by means other than the usual supervision in person (e.g., by correspondence) or student is doing all or most of the course work off campus. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

199. Tutorial.
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

199F. Tutorial (2 credits).
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

Graduate Courses

200. Methods and Theories of History. F
An overview of theories, methods, and philosophies concerning the nature and production of history. Topics vary with instructor. Enrollment restricted to graduate history students and others by permission of instructor. Enrollment limited to 20. N. Deutsch

201. Directed Research Colloquium. W
Having already prepared a bibliography and research prospectus in a graduate research seminar, students will undertake further research on their projects, write a 25–30 page research paper, and present their work to their fellow students. Prerequisite(s): history graduate research seminar. Enrollment restricted to graduate history students. Enrollment limited to 15. D. Brundage

204A. History of Gender Research Seminar. *
Introduction to theories and methods employed in gendered historical research. Readings are drawn from a range of chronological, national, and thematic fields and explore the intersection of gender analysis with such historical problems as the body and sexuality, modernity, national identity, and production/consumption. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Westerkamp

204B. Approaches to Social and Cultural History. *
Graduate reading course focusing on both classic and contemporary approaches to social and cultural history. Readings induce: Bakhtin, Benjamin, Foucault, Auerbach, and Berlin, and a variety of more recent studies in social, cultural, and intellectual history. Course not limited to graduate students in History.(Formerly Society and Culture Research Seminar.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. The Staff

204C. Colonialism, Nationalism and Race Research Seminar. *
Research seminar introducing theories and methods of the comparative histories of race, ethnicity, colonialism, and nationalism. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. O'Hara

205. Diaspora and World History. *
Examines the histories and historiography concerning diaspora. This area of study includes populations from Asia, Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Students study the histories of diasporic populations, and the questions, theory, and methods that scholars use to approach the subject. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 10. L. Haas

210A. Readings in U.S. History.
Introduction to major themes and controversies in the interpretation of U.S. history. Readings cover both chronological eras and topical subjects, often in a comparative context: colonial and early national periods. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. G. O'Malley

210B. Readings in U.S. History. *
Introduction to major themes and controversies in the interpretation of U.S. history. Readings cover both chronological eras and topical subjects, often in a comparative context: 19th century. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. D. Frank

211A. Research Seminar in Early American History. *
First quarter of a two-quarter introduction to research in early American history (1550-1820). Readings include both historiographically definitive texts as well as recent scholarship reflecting the field's developments. Students complete analyses of historical sources, brief critical essays, and a significant research project. Course A is not a prerequisite to course B. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. G. O'Malley, M. Westerkamp

211B. Research Seminar in Early American History. *
Second quarter of a two-quarter introduction to research in early American history (1550-1820). Readings include both historiographically definitive texts as well as recent scholarship reflecting the field's developments. Students complete analyses of historical sources, brief critical essays, and a significant research project. Course A is not a prerequisite to course B. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. G. O'Malley, M. Westerkamp

212A. Citizenship in U.S. History. F
A reading-intensive graduate seminar in United States history that examines citizenship and its exclusions, grounded in race, gender, sexuality, age, and disability. This seminar also explores how forms of belonging intersected with evolving understandings of nationalism and sovereignty. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. C. Jones

212B. Citizenship in United States History. W
A reading-intensive graduate seminar in United States history examining citizenship and its exclusions, grounded in race, gender, sexuality, age, and disability. The course also explores how forms of belonging intersected with evolving understandings of nationalism and sovereignty. Enrollment restricted to history graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. C. Jones

215A. Topics in American History: U.S. Labor and Working Class History. S
Addresses topics in history of working people, the labor movement broadly defined, and political-economic change in the U.S. Topics include race, ethnic and gender dynamics, and U.S. labor and working-class history in global context. Enrollment limited to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. D. Frank

215B. Visions of Progress. *
Explores the emergence of the welfare/regulatory state in the United States from the 1870s to World War I, examining different schools of historical thought about this period. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Lasar

215C. U.S. Immigration and Ethnic History. *
Introduces key issues and debates in United States immigration and ethnic history. Topics include causes of immigration; constructions of race, gender and ethnicity; assimilation; transnationalism; and forces shaping immigration policy. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 10. D. Brundage

216. Readings in the History of American Religions. F
Research in the history of religions in the United States. Addresses topics, such as the rise of evangelicalism; class, race, and religious diversity; gender and power; modernity; and civil religion through analyses of visual and literary texts, iconography, ritual, theology, and praxis. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Westerkamp

220. The Atlantic World, 1500-1800. *
Explores the economic, social, and cultural history of early America in terms of its Atlantic connections and intersection with the cultures of early modern Europe, Africa, and Latin America. Builds upon previous work in early America and early modern Europe, challenging students both to work comparatively and to break out of traditional geographic models. (Formerly Topics in American History: The Atlantic World 1500–1800.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Westerkamp

221. Empires and New Nations in the Americas. *
Compares the history of the colonial and 19th-century Americans through a world-history perspective. Focuses on the interrelated themes of indigenous histories, slavery and other forms of servitude, commodity production, and the meaning of equality and freedom in new nations. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. L. Haas

225. Spanish Colonialism. *
Reading-intensive graduate seminar with emphasis on theoretical and historiographical questions regarding the field of Spanish colonialism in the Americas. Students encouraged to engage in discussions of comparative colonialisms. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 10. M. Diaz

227. Gender and Colonialism. *
Explores the relationship between colonialism and gender. Examines the construction of gender categories (in conjunction with race) in the context of colonial conquest and rule; contested definitions of motherhood, domesticity, and citizenship; and regulation of sexuality. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. E. Honig

230A. Readings in Late Imperial China. *
Survey of the major works on and historiographical controversies about Qing Dynasty (1644–1911) China. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. M. Hu

230B. Engendering China. W
Reading seminar on the history of Chinese gender, focusing on the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) to the present. Topics include marriage and family, sexuality, work, the gendered language of politics, and major reform movements. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. G. Hershatter

230C. Readings in 20th-Century China. F
A survey of major Western-language works and historiographical controversies in Chinese history from 1900 to the present. Weekly readings emphasize particular social and political movements as well as long-term changes in urban and rural society. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. E. Honig

238A. Research Methods: China. *
An introduction for graduate students to the use of major research tools and sources in Chinese history since 1600, with a focus on 20th-century materials. Students complete a series of bibliographical exercises and prepare a research prospectus. (Formerly course 228A.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. G. Hershatter

238B. Research Methods: China. *
Building on the research and bibliographic skills developed in course 228A, students develop a research topic and write a paper of 20–30 pages using primary sources as appropriate in English, Chinese, and/or Japanese. (Formerly course 228B.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. G. Hershatter

242. Readings in Modern Japan. *
A graduate course intended to give students a fundamental understanding of the major themes in the study of modern Japanese history. Central themes include modernity and modernization, colonialism, postwar recovery, gender, race, and nationalism. (Formerly course 210.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. N. Aso

243. Transnational Japan. *
Examines how "Japanese" history has been forged across, outside, and beyond the boundaries of the modern nation-state of Japan. Considers how Japan has transformed the world. Students debate how the world made Japan and how Japan re-made the world. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 10. A. Christy

244. Gender and Japanese History. S
Examines—through primary and secondary sources—constructions of gender (masculine, feminine, and transgender) in Japanese society over the past several centuries, focusing on the modern era. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. A. Christy

250A. Readings in European Social and Cultural History. *
A readings seminar that introduces beginning graduate students to some of the major conceptual and methodological approaches to early modern European social and cultural history, 1400–1789. (Formerly course 205A.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. The Staff

250B. Readings in European Social and Cultural History. *
A readings seminar that introduces beginning graduate students to some of the major problems in modern European social and cultural history, 1789 to the present. (Formerly course 205B.) Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. The Staff

256. Nationalism, Anti-Semitism, and Jewish Resistance in World War II. *
Jewish resistance to Nazism during World War II, in Eastern Europe, and its historical context. Includes the pre-war rise in nationalism and anti-Semitism in Poland and Lithuania, Jewish integration in the Soviet Union, and the consequences for wartime resistance. (Also offered as History of Consciousness 243A. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Enrollment restricted to seniors and graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. B. Epstein

257. Shtetl: Eastern European Jewish Life. *
For several centuries, the shtetl functioned as the center of Jewish life in Eastern Europe. Alternately mythologized and pathologized, the shtetl continues to exist as an imaginary space that defines and distorts the historical image of Eastern European Jewish life. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 196M. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. N. Deutsch

260. History and the Spatial Turn: Making Space, Place, and Geography in History. F
Explores the making of space, place, and geography in a body of recent historical work. Explores key theoretical work interrogating the significance of space as a critical element of social theory and historical consideration. Proceeds through three thematic units: questions of colonial economy in South Asia; spaces of empires and its end in the Eastern Mediterranean; and histories of infrastructure. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. J. Derr

280A. History Graduate Proseminar: Teaching Pedagogy (2 credits). F
Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Includes formal and informal meetings with faculty and other graduate students. Topics include TAships, designing course syllabi, pedagogy, teaching technologies, and teaching in different venues. This course is required for first-year students; however, it is open to all other graduate students as needed. Enrollment restricted to graduate students . May be repeated for credit. G. O'Malley

280B. History Graduate Proseminar: Research Presentations and Grant Writing (2 credits). F
Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Topics include discussion of researching grants; effective CV writing; successful grant applications and publication proposals; and conference paper and panel proposals. Required for first-year graduate students; however, open to all history graduate students as needed. This course is required for first-year students; however, it is open to all other graduate students as needed. Enrollment restricted to graduate students . May be repeated for credit. G. O'Malley

280C. History Graduate Proseminar: Job Market (2 credits). *
Devoted to professionalism and socialization of history graduate students. Includes formal and informal meetings with faculty and other graduate students. Topics include researching position; preparing a CV and the job-application letter; preparing for an interview; practice interview; preparing a job talk and/or teaching presentation; and practice job talk. This course is required for first-year students; however, it is open to all other graduate students as needed. Enrollment restricted to graduate students . May be repeated for credit. C. Jones

283. Foreign Language Preparation (2 credits). F,W,S
Independent study course in which history graduate student reads selected texts to fulfill foreign language requirement. Student meets with instructor to discuss readings, deepening his knowledge of the foreign language. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

284. Qualifying Examination Preparation (2 credits). F,W,S
Independent study course designed to help students prepare for qualifying exams. Students meet on regular basis with one or more members of qualifying examination committee to monitor preparation for exam. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

285. Readings in Research Field (2 credits). F,W,S
Independent study focusing on selected texts or authors in history or historical theory. Students meet on regular basis with instructor to discuss readings and deepen their knowledge of a particular author or historical theory. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

286. Research Colloquium on Colonialism, Nationalism, and Race (2 credits). F,W,S
Acquaints students with the department's thematic research clusters in their field to coordinate training in historical research. Students meet on a regular basis with a faculty member of a particular cluster to discuss most important readings in the field. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

287. Research Colloquium on Gender (2 credits). F,W,S
Acquaints students with the department's thematic research clusters in their field to coordinate training in historical research. Students meet on a regular basis with a faculty member of this cluster to discuss most important readings in their field. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

288. Teaching Assistant Preparation (2 credits). F,W,S
Independent study designed to help history graduate students prepare to teach in an area of history outside their specialization. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

289. History Colloquium (2 credits). F,W,S
Independent study designed to foster departmental and cross-disciplinary participation in campus talks, colloquia, conferences, and events. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

294M. Literati, Samurai, and Yangban: A Comparative History of State. *
Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 194M. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 20. M. Hu

297. Independent Study.
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

299. Thesis Research.
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

* Not offered in 2013-14

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Revised: 09/01/13