Environmental Studies
2011-12 General Catalog
405 Interdisciplinary Sciences Building
(831) 459-2634
http://envs.ucsc.edu
Program Description
The environmental studies major prepares students for meaningful lifetime engagement with the environmental challenges that are facing society. UCSC environmental studies graduates hold leadership positions as legislative and policy analysts, environmental lawyers, environmental managers, city and state planners, educators, restoration ecologists, organic farmers and agroecological specialists, conservation biologists, environmental engineers, museum curators, business consultants, and political advocates. In addition, many graduates go on to obtain professional, master’s, or doctoral degrees at the nation’s finest institutions.
Students pursue an interdisciplinary curriculum that combines course work in the natural and social sciences. Introductory courses cover the ecological, political, and economic aspects of historic, current and future environmental issues. The core course, Environmental Studies 100/L, Ecology and Society (most often completed during the fall quarter of a student’s junior year) builds on the skills acquired in the lower-division classes, and encourages students to apply ecological, economical and political skills toward environmental and ecosystem management. The remaining upper-division elective courses further emphasize the integration of ecological knowledge with an understanding of social institutions and policies. The program emphasizes active, interdisciplinary learning with the overall objective of instilling the necessary skills to conserve biodiversity and integrate the principles of sustainability with respect to management of complex environmental systems. Faculty work on these issues at local, regional, and global levels providing a unique, proactive, and progressive academic environment for students wishing to pursue a degree program within the Environmental Studies Department.
In addition to the single environmental studies major, students may choose to pursue one of three combined majors with biology, Earth sciences, or economics. The combined major curricula offer the unique integration of the underlying concepts of environmental studies with a focus on the application of these concepts in a closely related field (or vice versa).
As a complement to classroom instruction and research, many courses have field components. The Environmental Studies Internship Program helps qualified students find placements with government and educational agencies, community organizations, and private firms. Furthermore, faculty-directed, independent, or field-oriented research courses allow environmental studies students the opportunity to learn more about their specific academic career or personal interests, often while earning academic credit.
Requirements for the Major
Prerequisites for the Single Major
Continuing UCSC students are required to complete all six prerequisite courses before taking Environmental Studies 100/L. Five of the prerequisite courses are preset and are listed below. See the course descriptions for more specific information.
Environmental Studies 23, The Physical and Chemical Environment (offered in spring and summer quarters)
Environmental Studies 24, General Ecology (offered in fall and summer quarters). *
Environmental Studies 25, Environmental Policy and Economics. Offered in winter and summer quarters.
Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2, Pre-Statistics; or Applied Mathematics and Statistics 3, Precalculus for Science and Engineering; or Mathematics 3, Precalculus; or a score of 3 or higher on the College Board AP calculus examination, or equivalent. Check the catalog for the quarters offered.
Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L, Statistical Methods for the Biological and Environmental Studies. Check the catalog for the quarters offered. *
*Prerequisite for Environmental Studies 24 and Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L is Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2 or 3 or Mathematics 3.
In addition, students choose one introductory course in sociology, cultural anthropology, or ethics. The acceptable courses are as follows:
Anthropology 2, Introduction to Cultural Anthropology
Sociology 1,Introduction to Sociology
Sociology 10, Issues and Problems in American Society
Sociology 15, World Society
Philosophy 22, Introduction to Ethical Theory
Philosophy 24, Introduction to Ethics: Contemporary Moral Issues
Philosophy 28, Environmental Ethics
Philosophy 80G, Bioethics in the 21st Century: Science, Business, and Society
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Plan One for students placing into MATH 3 |
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Winter |
Spring |
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MATH 3 or |
AMS 7/L or |
ENVS 23 |
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2nd |
ENVS 24 |
ENVS 25 |
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AMS 7/L or SOC/ANTH/Ethics |
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3rd |
ENVS 100/L |
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* 2nd Year (soph) courses incorrect in printed catalog.
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Plan Two for students placing out of MATH 3 |
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Year |
Fall |
Winter |
Spring |
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1st |
ENVS 24 |
ENVS 25 |
ENVS 23 |
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AMS 7/L or |
AMS 7/L or |
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2nd |
ENVS 100/L |
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Declaration Process for Environmental Studies Students
Students wishing to declare within the Environmental Studies Department should visit the Environmental Studies web site at http://envs.ucsc.edu/undergraduate/index.html and follow the steps listed there. In order to be officially declared and enroll in the core course, Environmental Studies 100/L, students must have the official declaration of major form filed with the Environmental Studies Department. Study plans may be downloaded from the environmental studies web site (http://envs.ucsc.edu/undergraduate/index.html).
Transfer Students
Transfer students are accepted in the environmental studies major in the fall quarter only. Students transferring to UCSC should complete as much of the lower-division curriculum as possible, with a grade of C or better, at another recognized institution before transferring to UCSC. Below is an outline of acceptable substitute courses for the lower-division environmental studies single major prerequisites. Please note that all students wishing to pursue a degree within the Environmental Studies Department must complete Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L at UCSC to fulfill the introductory statistics requirement. It is recommended that transfer students plan to enroll in Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L and any other missing prerequisite during the summer quarter.
Completion of an introductory college chemistry course will substitute for Environmental Studies 23.
Two courses, one in politics, one in economics, will substitute for Environmental Studies 25.
A college-level precalculus course will substitute for Mathematics 3 or Applied Mathematics and Statistics 3 at UCSC.
Environmental Studies 23, 24 and 25 are offered during Summer Session at UCSC, and transfer students are encouraged to take them. If you are transferring, compare catalog descriptions, consult your current institution's adviser, and refer to the ASSIST web site, www.assist.org, to determine equivalency.
Upper-Division Requirements
In addition to lower-division course work, students are required to complete nine upper-division courses:
Environmental Studies 100/L, Ecology and Society (environmental studies core course, offered once yearly during the fall quarter).
Seven upper-division electives (environmental studies courses numbered 101-179). One must be based in the social sciences and one course must be based in the natural sciences. List of these courses is available from the Environmental Studies Department.
Senior comprehensive requirement (see below).
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. A primary goal of the environmental studies major is to train students who are able to critically analyze interdisciplinary environmental problems, justify their position on an issue, and communicate that position to a range of audiences verbally and in writing. The DC Requirement in environmental studies is satisfied by completing Environmental Studies 100/L and one of the following courses: 183B, 190, 195A, 195B, or 196.
Comprehensive Requirement
The senior comprehensive may be satisfied by completing one of the options listed below. Before enrolling in the senior thesis or senior internship option, students must formally apply to work with a particular faculty mentor very early in their thesis or project preparation. These courses require careful planning, additional independent research, and at least a two-quarter commitment.
Environmental Studies 183B, Senior Internship
Environmental Studies 190, Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving (offered winter quarter only)
Environmental Studies 195A or 195B, Senior Thesis
Environmental Studies 196 (one course from the series), Senior Seminar
Students with advanced skills in one of the graduate focal areas may also take a graduate seminar by invitation from the instructor.
Major Disqualification Policy
There are six introductory requirements for the environmental studies major. Five required courses include: Environmental Studies 23; Environmental Studies 24 (or Biology: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 20C); Environmental Studies 25; Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2 or 3 or Mathematics 3; Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L.
Students must also take one of the following courses: Anthropology 2; or Philosophy 21, 22, 24, 28, or 80G; or Sociology 1, 10, or 15.
Students are also required to complete Environmental Studies 100/L.
A student who either 1) fails two of these required courses, or 2) fails one required course twice, will be disqualified from the major. The department also reserves the right to disqualify from the major students who fail three or more upper-division environmental studies elective courses numbered 100 or above.
Procedures
Students who wish to appeal their disqualification based on extenuating circumstances must submit a letter to the department chair or designee within 15 days from the date the notification was mailed. Within 15 days of receipt of the appeal, the department will notify the student, college, and Office of the Registrar of the decision.
Requirements for the Combined Majors
Environmental Studies/Biology
This course of study provides students with the basic tools of biological science and sufficient understanding of resource conservation, conservation biology, and concerns about environmental sustainability to apply these tools to environmental problems.
Prerequisites
All courses must be taken for a letter grade.
Biology and mathematics courses may require placement examinations. See course descriptions for prerequisite information.
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 20A, 20B, and 20C
Environmental Studies 25
Anthropology 2; or Philosophy 21, 22, 24, 28, or 80G; or Sociology 1, 10 or 15
Applied Mathematics and Statistics 3, Precalculus or Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2 Pre-Statistics; Mathematics 3; or a score on the math placement examination or the College Board AP calculus examination sufficient to be placed into calculus)
Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7 and 7L
Chemistry 1A, 1B, and 1C/N
Two courses in physics, Physics 1 and 2, or Physics 6A/L and 6B or 6C.
Upper-Division Requirements
Students are required to complete nine upper-division courses and the comprehensive requirement listed below.
Environmental Studies 100/L (prerequisites are: Chemistry 1A; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 20C; Environmental Studies 25; Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2 or 3, or Mathematics 3; Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L; and the cultural anthropology/sociology/philosophy option).
Biology 105, Genetics
Biology 175, Evolution
Six upper-division courses, three in biology and three in environmental studies. One of the six must be a laboratory course, and one of the three environmental studies courses must be based in the social sciences. Students wishing to pursue an advanced degree in the pure or applied sciences are strongly encouraged to complete the organic chemistry series as well. Chemistry 108A/L and 108B/M may be substituted to fulfill one of the upper-division biology elective requirements.
These upper-division elective courses should be selected in pursuit of a coherent plan of study, chosen in consultation with faculty sponsors from both the Biological Sciences and Environmental Studies Departments. None of the three environmental studies upper-division courses can be an environmental studies internship, individual study, or substitution course.
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. The DC Requirement for the environmental studies/biology combined major is satisfied by completing Environmental Studies 100/L and one of the following courses:
Environmental Studies 183B, 190, 195A, 195B, or 196, or Biology: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 109.
Comprehensive Requirement
Students satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement by completing either:
- one of the options for environmental studies majors (see Comprehensive Requirement above); or
- one of the approved internships, independent research or field course or a thesis
Disqualification Policy for the Environmental Studies/Biology Combined Major
All environmental studies/biology combined majors are covered by the biology and environmental studies major disqualification policies, Students should refer to the Biological Sciences section and the Major Disqualification Policy section above for more information.
Environmental Studies/Earth Sciences
This course of study provides students with the basic tools of Earth sciences and environmental studies needed to address environmental problems.
Prerequisites
Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7 and 7L
Mathematics 11A-B (or 19A-B)
Chemistry 1A, 1B/M, and 1C/N
Physics 6A/L and 6B/M (or 5A/L and 5B/M)
Earth Sciences 20/L (or 5/L or 10/L)
Environmental Studies 24 and 25
Anthropology 2 or Philosophy 21, 22, 24, 28, or 80G or
Sociology 1, 10, or 15.
Upper-Division Requirements
Earth Sciences 110A/L, 110B/M, or 110C/N
Environmental Studies 100/L (Prerequisites are: Chemistry 1A, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 20C, Environmental Studies 25, Applied Mathematics and Statistics 2 or 3 or Mathematics 3, Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7/L, and the cultural anthropology/sociology/philosophy option)
Three additional upper-division environmental studies courses, including at least one course based in the social sciences
Three additional upper-division Earth sciences courses
The upper-division courses should be selected in pursuit of a coherent plan of study, such as water policy-hydrology, restoration ecology-geochemistry, agroecology-soil physical processes, or environmental policy-climate change, among others, in consultation with faculty from both the Environmental Studies and Earth Sciences Departments. None of the three environmental studies upper-division courses can be an environmental studies internship, individual study or substitution course.
Disqualification Policy for the Environmental Studies/Earth Sciences Combined Major
All environmental studies/earth sciences majors are covered by the earth science and environmental studies major disqualification policies.
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. The DC Requirement for the environmental studies/Earth and planetary sciences combined major is satisfied by completing Environmental Studies 100/L and one of the following courses: Environmental Studies 183B, 190, 195A, 195B, or 196, or Earth Sciences 195 or 188A-B.
Comprehensive Requirement
Students satisfy their senior comprehensive requirement in environmental studies or Earth sciences by completing either:
One of the senior comprehensive options for single environmental studies majors (see Comprehensive Requirement above) or one of the senior comprehensive options for Earth sciences majors (see Comprehensive Requirement under Earth Sciences).
Environmental Studies/Economics
This major provides students with the basic tools of economic analysis and an understanding of the mechanics of resource production, conservation, and use, in both ecological and economic terms.
Prerequisites
Economics 1, 2, 11A, 11B
Environmental Studies 23, 24, 25
Anthropology 2; or Philosophy 21, 22, 24, 28, or 80G; or Sociology 1, 10 or 15.
Upper-Division Requirements
Economics 100A, Intermediate Microeconomics
Economics 113, Econometrics
Environmental Studies 100/L
Six elective courses from, three from each discipline. Only specifically approved economics electives. Economics 100B, 101, 114, 115, 120, 128, 130, 131, 133, 135, 136, 138, 139A, 140, 141, 142, 150, 160A, 160B, 161A, 165, 169, 180, 183.
Environmental Studies courses numbered 101-179, with one course based in the natural sciences. None of the three environmental studies upper-division courses can be an environmental studies internship, individual study or substitution course.
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. The DC Requirement in environmental studies/economics combined major is satisfied by completing Environmental Studies 100/L and one of the following courses: Environmental Studies 183B, 190, 195A, 195B, or 196.
Comprehensive Requirement
Students satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement by completing the following:
one of the options for environmental studies majors (see Comprehensive Requirement above); and pass those portions of the economics comprehensive examination administered in Economics 100A and 113.
Disqualification Policy for the Environmental Studies/Economics Combined Major
There are eight introductory requirements for the environmental studies/economics combined major. Seven required courses include: Environmental Studies 23, Environmental Studies 24 (or Biology: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 20C); Environmental Studies 25; Economics 1; Economics 2; Economics 11A; and Economics 11B. Students must also take one of the following courses: Anthropology 2, Philosophy 21, 22, 24, 28, or 80G, or Sociology 1, 10, or 15. Students are also required to complete Environmental Studies 100/L. A Student who either (1) fails two of these required courses, or (2) fails one required course twice, will be disqualified from the combined major. The department also reserves the right to disqualify from the combined major students who fail three or more upper-division environmental studies or economics elective courses numbered 100 or above.
Honors
Senior Comprehensive Honors. Only applicable is senior thesis, internship, or individual work in a senior seminar. Honors must be awarded by the student’s faculty sponsor, and a second faculty member (chosen by the student’s advisor) must confer.
Departmental Honors. To be considered for departmental honors, students must have a grade point average (GPA) of 3.5 in upper-division environmental studies courses.
Highest Departmental Honors. To be considered for highest departmental honors, students must have a GPA of 3.75 in the major in upper-division environmental studies courses, and received honors on the senior comprehensive.
For combined majors, students must fulfill all requirements for honors from both departments.
Graduate Program
The doctor of philosophy (Ph.D.) program in Environmental Studies at UCSC draws from two areas of knowledge: ecology and social sciences. Our interests in ecology range from conservation biology, to agroecology, and to global change. Our interests in the social sciences bridge the dimension between environmental policy analysis and political economy of the environment. These all are historically independent fields and UCSC's program is one of the first to link them.
Graduates of the program are expected to be informed in all of these fields, to have deep intellectual strength in their area of specialty, and to have made substantial contributions toward the understanding of an environmental problem. We expect our doctoral students to be as skilled and intellectually rigorous within their research emphases as are students emerging from more traditional programs-but also to possess the knowledge needed to understand, analyze, and communicate in different but highly relevant fields of study. This expectation of intellectual breadth as well as disciplinary depth is a central goal of our doctoral program.
Given the strong interdisciplinary focus of the environmental studies Ph.D. program, study in other fields is encouraged. The environmental studies faculty have a wide range of research interests, and most are affiliated with other departments on campus. Students have the option of pursuing a “designated emphasis in environmental studies,” the equivalent of a graduate minor. These provide a framework for in-depth study in specialized fields in your area, and an opportunity for recognition of particular scholarly expertise. We currently have agreements with the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Latin American and Latino Studies, Sociology, and Applied Mathematics and Statistics Departments, and are pursuing agreements with others.
Requirements for the Doctorate
The typical duration of the doctoral program is five to six years.
A dissertation in environmental studies is expected to present an original contribution to the understanding of a significant environmental problem or issue. It should demonstrate a clear understanding of the relevant literature, careful and rigorous research design, and effective communication of the results within the context of the student’s area of emphasis.
Also note:
Students are expected to serve as teaching assistants in undergraduate courses for two quarters, unless they can demonstrate equivalent experience.
Students have the option of pursuing a “designated emphasis,” the equivalent of a graduate minor. Designated emphases provide a framework for in-depth study in specialized fields in the area, and an opportunity for recognition of particular scholarly expertise. The Environmental Studies Department has agreements with the Sociology Department and the Latin American and Latino Studies Department, and is pursuing agreements with other departments.
The Environmental Studies Department does not offer a terminal master’s degree, except for students who have been advanced to candidacy but who do not complete the Ph.D. dissertation.
Program Prerequisites
The interdisciplinary nature of the core curriculum requires rigorous preparation at the undergraduate level. Students are expected to have had at least one course in statistical analysis. Calculus is useful in many areas of the program and essential to independent work in some areas. In addition, all students should have—either from prior course work or independent reading—an advanced upper-division knowledge of ecology; genetics; evolutionary biology; macro- and microeconomics; politics; and political economy. However, preparation in these areas is best accomplished by course work.
Committees
On admission to the program, each student is assigned a guidance committee of three faculty: two from the student’s general research area and one from a complementary field. Thus, a student whose interests are in conservation biology has two committee members who are natural scientists and one who is a social scientist; similarly, a student whose interests are in the political economy of agriculture has a natural scientist on the guidance committee.
Through the membership of the committee may change as the student forms relationships with particular faculty and begins to define the dissertation research, subsequent committees always include one environmental studies faculty member from the other metadiscipline to ensure that the student takes fully into account the interdisciplinary implications of the student’s training and research.
Under the guidance of an interdisciplinary faculty committee, a student is expected to begin to define and plan further education and research. For some students, further education and research may involve closely focused preparation and additional course work in particular fields, (such as ecology, economics, or politics), guided by environmental studies faculty and other campus and UCSC faculty. Depending on the student’s background, interests, and intentions, the student’s advisers may suggest or require additional course work, including courses from other departments.
The guidance committees work with students throughout the first two years to ensure that each student’s preparation is individually designed to meet particular needs and interests. At the same time, the various research-seminar formats are intended to encourage students to work collaboratively in reading and research preparation.
Required Courses
Environmental Studies 201A, Keywords and Concepts Part 1
Environmental Studies 201B, Keywords and Concepts Part 2
Environmental Studies 201M, Interdisciplinary Research Methods
Environmental Studies 201N, Interdisciplinary Research Design
Two of the following, one each from the social and natural sciences:
Social Sciences:
- Environmental Studies 210, Political Ecological Thought and the Environment or
- Environmental Studies 240, Public Policy and Conservation
Natural Sciences:
- Environmental Studies 220, Conservation Biology, or
- Environmental Studies 230, Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture
An upper-division or graduate course in quantitative methods, providing a basis in research design and analysis
These courses are designed to ensure that students acquire disciplinary depth in their chosen research fields; gain experience of their research communities; and refine the research skills necessary to perform successfully in their professional arena.
In addition, every quarter before advancement to candidacy, all students are required to participate in:
Environmental Studies 290, Interdisciplinary Research Seminar (2 credits)
Environmental Studies 290L, Graduate Research Seminar (2 credits)
Environmental Studies 292, Topics in Research in Environmental Studies (2 credits)
Graduate students are encouraged to participate in course Environmental Studies 291, Advanced Readings in Environmental Studies, in areas of interest.
Pre- and Qualifying Examinations
During the second year, students prepare for the pre-qualifying examination, which must be taken no later than winter quarter of the third year. The qualifying examination for advancement to candidacy normally takes place by the end of the spring quarter of the third year (UCSC requires that the qualifying examination be completed no later than the end of the fourth year).
If the venue of a student’s research is in a non-English-speaking country, a language examination testing for reading and speaking competence in the language of that country must be passed before advancement to candidacy.
Application and Admission
For admission to the doctoral program, students must have completed a bachelor’s degree or the equivalent in a related disciplinary field. Students with interdisciplinary degrees, such as environmental studies should have disciplinary course work equivalent to a double major or a master’s degree in an appropriate field.
Superior scholarship, capacity to carry out independent research, and commitment to disciplinary integration must be demonstrated in the statement of purpose, course work, Graduate Record Examination (GRE) General Test, and letters of recommendation. The GRE Subject Test (in a disciplinary field of the student’s choice) is strongly recommended. Prospective students must contact faculty directly to inquire about specific course requirements and sponsorship. Students are rarely accepted into the program without significant, early communications with potential faculty sponsors. See the faculty list at http://envs.ucsc.edu/faculty/ for contact information.
Other considerations for admission include grades, evaluation, publications, professional or extramural experience, and more than one degree (second bachelor’s or master’s). Students are required to have completed coursework, or equivalent practical experience, in ecology, statistics, sociology/political science, and economics. Limited deficiencies in these areas can be remedied during the first year of graduate study. In addition to the application materials, students are strongly encouraged to submit a substantial written project (undergraduate or master’s research project).
Admissions information and the online graduate application are at the UCSC Division of Graduate Studies web site under prospective student information (http://graddiv.ucsc.edu/prospective/).
Admission is only considered for the fall quarter. Completed applications are due by December 15th of the previous academic year.
Revised: 8/13/12
